{"id":4914,"date":"2022-12-28T10:03:33","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T10:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/?page_id=4914"},"modified":"2023-09-18T09:04:50","modified_gmt":"2023-09-18T09:04:50","slug":"penagihan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/penagihan\/","title":{"rendered":"Penagihan"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4914\" class=\"elementor elementor-4914\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e415584 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e415584\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ac6de1\" data-id=\"8ac6de1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f708b6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f708b6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3431a7d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3431a7d9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a4ec2ca\" data-id=\"5a4ec2ca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1163a11c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1163a11c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a91da92\" data-id=\"7a91da92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24165c\" data-id=\"f24165c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3474bfd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3474bfd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Penagihan<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d15a2b\" data-id=\"6d15a2b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a26f59d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a26f59d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Penagihan merupakan satu isu ancaman global sejak berdekad yang lalu. Ia bukan sahaja memberi kesan kepada pengguna, malah ahli keluarga serta komuniti sekeliling juga terkesan.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Penagihan merujuk kepada kebergantungan dan sebarang tingkahlaku yang dilakukan berulang kali untuk mendapatkan dadah atau menjalankan aktiviti yang tidak sihat walaupun perkara tersebut mendatangkan kemudaratan.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seseorang individu dikatakan mengalami masalah ketagihan kepada dadah apabila penggunaan dadah itu menyebabkan gangguan yang signifikan kepada kesihatan dan fungsi psikososial individu tersebut, keluarga dan komuniti.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><b>APAKAH JENIS-JENIS DADAH YANG BOLEH MENYEBABKAN KETAGIHAN?<\/b><\/p><ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alkohol<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nikotin (rokok)<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kanabis (ganja)<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opiate (heroin \/ morphine)<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Benzodiazepine\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amphetamine type stimulants (amphetamine \/ methamphetamine)<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hallucinogens (kokain \/ LSD \/ ketamine)<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0fb9c8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0fb9c8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ee084a\" data-id=\"7ee084a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e682a8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-accordion\" data-id=\"e682a8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-adv-accordion\" id=\"eael-adv-accordion-e682a8f\" data-scroll-on-click=\"no\" data-scroll-speed=\"300\" data-accordion-id=\"e682a8f\" data-accordion-type=\"accordion\" data-toogle-speed=\"300\">\n    <div class=\"eael-accordion-list\">\n                <div id=\"punca-penagihan\" class=\"elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tab=\"1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2411\"><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened\"><\/span><h5 class=\"eael-accordion-tab-title\">Punca Penagihan<\/h5><\/div><div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2411\" class=\"eael-accordion-content clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" aria-labelledby=\"punca-penagihan\"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan=\"3\">\u00a0<\/td><td><p><strong>BIOLOGI<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Genetik:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Mempunyai sejarah keluarga dengan masalah penagihan dadah\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jantina:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Golongan lelaki lebih kerap mengalami masalah penagihan<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Penyakit mental seperti kecelaruan emosi, kebimbangan yang melampau, ADHD, OCD dan lain-lain<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>PSIKOSOSIAL<\/strong><\/p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Masalah personaliti<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Respons terhadap tekanan<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Pengaruh rakan sebaya<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Taraf sosioekonomi yang rendah<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Tiada pekerjaan<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Kejadian buruk semasa tumbesaran<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 -Trauma<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 -Penderaan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 -Pengabaian\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 -Kegagalan rumahtangga<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 -Buli<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>DADAH<\/strong><\/p><table><tbody><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jenis dadah:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Sebahagian dadah mempunyai kesan penagihan yang lebih kuat dan cepat seperti opiate, kokain, nikotin dan ATS.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cara pengambilan:\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-dadah yang diambil dengan care injeksi dan inhalasi lebih menagihkan kerana kesan yang cepat dan kuat.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kesan dadah:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-semasa intoksikasi<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-semasa penarikan<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n                <\/div><div class=\"eael-accordion-list\">\n                <div id=\"kesan-penagihan\" class=\"elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tab=\"2\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2412\"><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened\"><\/span><h5 class=\"eael-accordion-tab-title\">Kesan Penagihan<\/h5><\/div><div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2412\" class=\"eael-accordion-content clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" aria-labelledby=\"kesan-penagihan\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Penagihan boleh meninggalkan kesan yang merbahaya kepada kesihatan mental. Antara masalah kesihatan mental yang boleh berlaku adalah:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0-Agresif<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0-Kecelaruan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0-Kemurungan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0-Kegelisahan dan kebimbangan yang teruk<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0-Halusinasi<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0-Delusi<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0-Masalah tidur<\/span><\/p><h4>\u00a0<\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gejala-gejala ini boleh berlaku semasa intoksikasi atau fasa penarikan daripada dadah. Penggunaan yang berterusan meningkatkan risiko penyakir psikiatri seperti kemurungan, schizophrenia dan kecelaruan bipolar.<\/span><\/p><h4>\u00a0<\/h4><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selain daripada itu, individu yang mempunyai masalah mental juga mempunyai risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk menagih berbanding mereka yang tiada masalah kesihatan mental.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n                <\/div><div class=\"eael-accordion-list\">\n                <div id=\"rujukan\" class=\"elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tab=\"3\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2413\"><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened\"><\/span><h5 class=\"eael-accordion-tab-title\">Rujukan<\/h5><\/div><div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2413\" class=\"eael-accordion-content clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" aria-labelledby=\"rujukan\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Sadiron, N., Kamaluddin, M. R., Sulaiman, W. S. W., &amp; Khairudin, R. (2019). Psikologi Penagihan Dadah: Satu Tinjauan Literatur (Drug Addiction Psychology: A Literature <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Review).\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">33<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1).<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.drugabuse.gov\/publications\/research-reports\/misuse-prescription-drugs\/which-classes-prescription-drugs-are-commonly-misused\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-http:\/\/www.camh.ca\/en\/hospital\/health_information\/a_z_mental_health_and_addiction_information\/drug-use-addiction\/Pages\/addiction.aspx<\/span><\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.drugabuse.gov\/publications\/research-reports\/misuse-prescription-drugs\/which-classes-prescription-drugs-are-commonly-misused\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-https:\/\/www.drugabuse.gov\/publications\/research-reports\/misuse-prescription-drugs\/which-classes-prescription-drugs-are-commonly-misused<\/span><\/a><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/substance_abuse\/facts\/cannabis\/en\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-http:\/\/www.who.int\/substance_abuse\/facts\/cannabis\/en\/<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/div>\n                <\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fe298e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fe298e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6366252\" data-id=\"6366252\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7b6ce7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c7b6ce7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Penagihan Penagihan merupakan satu isu ancaman global sejak berdekad yang lalu. Ia bukan sahaja memberi kesan kepada pengguna, malah ahli keluarga serta komuniti sekeliling juga terkesan. Penagihan merujuk kepada kebergantungan dan sebarang tingkahlaku yang dilakukan berulang kali untuk mendapatkan dadah atau menjalankan aktiviti yang tidak sihat walaupun perkara tersebut mendatangkan kemudaratan.\u00a0 Seseorang individu dikatakan mengalami masalah ketagihan kepada dadah apabila penggunaan dadah itu menyebabkan gangguan yang signifikan kepada kesihatan dan fungsi psikososial individu tersebut, keluarga dan komuniti. \u00a0 APAKAH JENIS-JENIS DADAH YANG BOLEH MENYEBABKAN KETAGIHAN? Alkohol Nikotin (rokok) Kanabis (ganja) Opiate (heroin \/ morphine) Benzodiazepine\u00a0 Amphetamine type stimulants (amphetamine \/ [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4914","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4914"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4914"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4914\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}