{"id":7971,"date":"2023-08-09T03:11:48","date_gmt":"2023-08-09T03:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/?page_id=7971"},"modified":"2023-08-13T03:39:54","modified_gmt":"2023-08-13T03:39:54","slug":"odd","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/odd\/","title":{"rendered":"Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7971\" class=\"elementor elementor-7971\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e415584 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e415584\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ac6de1\" data-id=\"8ac6de1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f708b6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f708b6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3431a7d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3431a7d9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a4ec2ca\" data-id=\"5a4ec2ca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1163a11c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1163a11c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a91da92\" data-id=\"7a91da92\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f24165c\" data-id=\"f24165c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3474bfd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3474bfd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><i>Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD<\/i>) (Kecelaruan Ingkar) \n<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d15a2b\" data-id=\"6d15a2b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e3985d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e3985d8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52471ec\" data-id=\"52471ec\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df03524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df03524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ODD ialah tingkah laku yang menentang dan bermusuhan yang tidak bekerjasama secara berterusan terutamanya terhadap pihak atasan yang berkuasa seperti ibu bapa dan guru sehingga mengganggu aktiviti harian.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0fb9c8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0fb9c8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ee084a\" data-id=\"7ee084a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e682a8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-accordion\" data-id=\"e682a8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-adv-accordion\" id=\"eael-adv-accordion-e682a8f\" data-scroll-on-click=\"no\" data-scroll-speed=\"300\" data-accordion-id=\"e682a8f\" data-accordion-type=\"accordion\" data-toogle-speed=\"300\">\n    <div class=\"eael-accordion-list\">\n                <div id=\"kategori-odd\" class=\"elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tab=\"1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2411\"><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened\"><\/span><h5 class=\"eael-accordion-tab-title\">Kategori ODD<\/h5><\/div><div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2411\" class=\"eael-accordion-content clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" aria-labelledby=\"kategori-odd\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1. Ringan &#8211; Berlaku pada satu keadaan\/ketetapan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2. Sederhana &#8211; Berlaku pada dua keadaan\/ketetapan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3. Teruk &#8211; Berlaku pada tiga atau lebih keadaan\/ketetapan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(e.g; rumah, sekolah, tempat kerja, dengan kawan-kawan)<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">*ODD teruk boleh menyebabkan gangguan tingkah laku (Conduct Disorder)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n                <\/div><div class=\"eael-accordion-list\">\n                <div id=\"gejala-odd\" class=\"elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tab=\"2\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2412\"><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened\"><\/span><h5 class=\"eael-accordion-tab-title\">Gejala ODD<\/h5><\/div><div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2412\" class=\"eael-accordion-content clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" aria-labelledby=\"gejala-odd\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Hilang sabar<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Berdebat dengan orang dewasa<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Menentang secara aktif<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Mengganggu secara sengaja<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Menyalahkan orang lain atas kesilapan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Mudah menjengkelkan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Sering marah dan geram<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Dengki dan pendendam<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n                <\/div><div class=\"eael-accordion-list\">\n                <div id=\"punca-odd\" class=\"elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tab=\"3\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2413\"><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened\"><\/span><h5 class=\"eael-accordion-tab-title\">Punca ODD<\/h5><\/div><div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2413\" class=\"eael-accordion-content clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" aria-labelledby=\"punca-odd\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Tingkah laku yang dipelajari secara sosial<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Teori perkembangan\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Punca genetik<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Teori pembelajaran<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n                <\/div><div class=\"eael-accordion-list\">\n                <div id=\"cara-mengatasi-odd\" class=\"elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tab=\"4\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2414\"><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened\"><\/span><h5 class=\"eael-accordion-tab-title\">Cara Mengatasi ODD<\/h5><\/div><div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2414\" class=\"eael-accordion-content clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" aria-labelledby=\"cara-mengatasi-odd\"><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Terapi individu Dan keluarga<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Latihan kemahiran keibubapaan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Latihan penyelesaian masalah kognitif<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Terapi interaksi ibu bapa dan anak<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Latihan kemahiran sosial<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Intervensi berasaskan sekolah<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Ubat-ubatan<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>Bagaimana ibu bapa boleh membantu kanak-kanak dengan ODD?<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>1)Menentukan jangkaan dan akibat yang jelas<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Berlaku adil dan saksama<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Memastikan kanak-kanak memahami setiap orang bertanggungjawab atas tindakan mereka<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>2)Menggunakan pujian dan ganjaran<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Mengakui tingkah laku positif<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Menunjukkan kepada kanak-kanak bahawa pilihan mereka sama ada mencipta pengalaman positif atau negatif<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3)Menetapkan sempadan<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Keengganan atau tidak bekerjasama dalam menjalankan tugas yang diberikan<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Menawarkan pilihan untuk menetapkan sempadan dan membentuk semula tingkah laku mereka<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>4)Mengesahkan perasaan<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Membantu meredakan kemarahan kanak-kanak sambil menjelaskan kepada mereka bahawa tingkah laku mereka tidak boleh diterima<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n                <\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-70885b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"70885b8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-229d377\" data-id=\"229d377\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c37fa1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2c37fa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) (Kecelaruan Ingkar) ODD ialah tingkah laku yang menentang dan bermusuhan yang tidak bekerjasama secara berterusan terutamanya terhadap pihak atasan yang berkuasa seperti ibu bapa dan guru sehingga mengganggu aktiviti harian. Kategori ODD 1. Ringan &#8211; Berlaku pada satu keadaan\/ketetapan 2. Sederhana &#8211; Berlaku pada dua keadaan\/ketetapan 3. Teruk &#8211; Berlaku pada tiga atau lebih keadaan\/ketetapan (e.g; rumah, sekolah, tempat kerja, dengan kawan-kawan) \u00a0 *ODD teruk boleh menyebabkan gangguan tingkah laku (Conduct Disorder) Gejala ODD -Hilang sabar -Berdebat dengan orang dewasa -Menentang secara aktif -Mengganggu secara sengaja -Menyalahkan orang lain atas kesilapan -Mudah menjengkelkan -Sering marah dan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7971","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7971"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7971"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7971\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jknjohor.moh.gov.my\/hpermai\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7971"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}